The basic principles of jet engines are much the same as a standard turbo. Compressor fan compresses the air at the front of the engine which is then mixed with fuel as it flows through. The mixture is ignited and is forced out the back of the engine. On the way out it passes through a Turbine which is connected by a shaft to the Compressor fan at the front which compresses the incoming air and so on....
The above is commonly known as a Jet Turbine or Turbo Jet.
Where superduper power and speed is required then you get into Ramjets which do away with the Compressor and Turbine altogether. It is just basically a tube with fuel burnt in the middle, the compression of the air intake is done naturally by the speed of engine going along.
The Lockheed Blackbird is the prime example of Ramjets (in combination with Turbojets). Once a certain airspeed is reached then the Ramjets take over making the Blackbird the fastest airplane ever, reaching speeds in access of Mach 3.
....and you thought I just knew about Evo's
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